The basis and content of fabric design
(1) Design basis and fabric elements 1. Design basis: Fabric design is mainly divided into two categories. One is theoretical design, that is, the overall design based on the basic requirements and application types of fabrics, called basic design. The other type is incoming sample design, that is, the design that imitates the target fabric, which is called imitation design. Of course, there are also improved designs where the former partially draws on existing fabrics as they are, or the latter partially combines and innovates, but basically they fall into one of these two categories. It can be seen that for theoretical design, the basis for fabric design is the basic elements and design concepts; for sample design, it is the design of fabric samples and their requirements and characteristics. 2. Essentials and concepts of fabrics The elements of fabrics involve two aspects: fabric organization and pattern, fabric style and comfort, fiber or yarn composition, and shaping and finishing technology and processes. The fabric structure and pattern include: the main (basic) structure of the fabric, the matching yarn characteristics, the selvedge structure, etc., to complete the determination of the fabric structure; the combination of several structures (basic structure and auxiliary structure), or the basic structure Organizes its own textural characteristics to achieve the pattern of the fabric. Fabric organization and pattern are the basis of fabric design, and are the main body or even the whole of fabric design in the traditional concept. Fabric style includes: the feel and appearance characteristics of the fabric, specifically, the cotton, wool, silk or linen style of the fabric; the comfort of the fabric includes the permeability, heat and moisture conductivity, thickness and elasticity of the fabric , No itching or allergic symptoms upon contact. It involves many factors such as the selection of fiber and yarn, fabric specification parameters, fabric weave type, machine parameters and post-finishing finishing process. If they are coordinated properly, the fabric can have good tactile, visual characteristics and comfort. Fabrics are designed using different styles, often referred to as style design, performance and comfort design, or functional design. Fabric style is the foundation and soul of fabric design. It is the basic but also important element of modern design. The above two aspects have constituted the overall fabric elements. To realize these fabric elements, we must rely on the forming and finishing process, which is what we refer to as process elements. Most of the process elements can be obtained or selected through fabric elements, but once determined, they will directly determine the characteristics of the fabric itself. For example, the pattern in the fabric will change with the machine tension or post-finishing and shaping. The fabric’s feel and thermal and moisture comfort will become softer and hairier, making it softer and warmer, and the appearance style will change. Becoming blurry and resting. The process elements should include: specifications and characteristics of raw materials, machine parameters, weaving techniques and processes, finishing techniques and processes, as well as the aforementioned finishing techniques and treatments related to fabric style, performance, and even function. method. The concept of fabric design may involve more application and art. The comprehensive expression and expression of the selection, design and design of the above technical elements are called design ideas or design concepts. Basic umbrella design is the process of formation, development and manufacturing of design concepts. It requires a solid design foundation of technical elements, keen viewing ability and comprehensive coordination ability, and an imagination that is good at discovery. It is a kind of beautiful “art”. Imitation design is the scientific analysis and objective identification of the above-mentioned technical elements, and their reproduction and expression through optimized imitation, which can be called practical identification or speculative inference. Imitation design is a process of learning, experiencing and respecting the facts in fabric design. This may inspire the designer’s creative passion and even inspiration, but it is actually imitation. Therefore, skilled and specialized incoming sample analysis means and methods are needed to fully understand and grasp the characteristics of the fabric field, and to quickly, accurately and objectively analyze and determine the fabric requirements, and on this basis, accurately determine the fabric requirements. Predict and select process elements. It is an applied technology. Obviously, the foundation or guarantee of success of imitation design is a comprehensive rapid response system (QRs) composed of information system, rapid analysis system, computer-aided design system, fabric virtual finishing and prediction system, etc. (2) Basic content of fabric design For theoretical design, fabric design is the design and comprehensive coordination of the basic elements of fabric. Including 5; selection of fabric types and specifications, design of fabric structure and machine parameters, and arrangement of the entire weaving process and process, and sometimes even front-end finishing related to special requirements of the fabric (such as slub yarn, gradient yarn, etc. ) and post-processing (such as PU coating, anti-wrinkle, burnout finishing, etc.). The design of incoming samples includes the anatomical analysis of fabric samples, the precise measurement of each basic element, the selection of fibers and spinning thread prints, and the design of spinning, weaving, dyeing and finishing processes. Obviously, for ten-theoretical design, in addition to emphasizing originality, designers must do a good job in “basic skills”, that is, always pay attention to nature and history, and pay attention to the market and popular trends. Paying attention to nature and history, and even other subjects, is the source of creative design. There are many strange phenomena in the biological world and nature that are worthy of our study and inspiration, such as extremes, rainbows, even the flow of people and buildings in noisy cities, and the quiet and pastoral Fengwan and Ji Castles, all of which can be collected and used by designers. creative elements. As for the design of incoming samples, in addition to emphasizing authenticity and difficulty, designers should “think” more about this kind of imitation.��Scientific, novel, timely and useful.
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