Analysis on the application of boride in fabric flame retardant finishing and other industries
According to statistics, in the early 1990s, the consumption of borax and boric acid in daily glass, daily enamel, light bulbs, glass instruments and other light industrial sectors accounted for 39.2% and 35.30% of the total consumption respectively; while in the United States As early as the late 1980s, the consumption in the glass and ceramics industry reached 193,300 tons (calculated as B2O3), and by the beginning of the 21st century, the consumption proportion reached 71%. During the same period, Japan’s consumption of glass, ceramics, and enamel reached 59,000 tons, accounting for 74.6% of total consumption; at that time, Western Europe’s consumption was nearly 1/3 of borate used in soaps, cleaning agents, and bleaching. The quantity is 550,000 tons of sodium perborate tetrahydrate and 55,000 tons of sodium perborate monohydrate. By the beginning of the 21st century, detergents, soaps and personal care products accounted for 15% of the world’s borate market consumption.
Boride is widely used in the light textile industry. For example, it can be used as a highly efficient catalyst for resin finishing and as a fire retardant for fire prevention finishing. It is one of the indispensable raw materials in the production of electroplating and photographic equipment.
1. Electroplating industry
In the electroplating industry, fluoroboric acid, fluoroborates, borax, and boric acid are all components and additives of the electrolyte during metal plating. For example, the electroplating of metals such as chromium, iron, nickel, copper, zinc, cadmium, tin, indium, lead, etc., requires the use of the above-mentioned fluoroboric acid and fluoroborate salts.
2. Photographic equipment
Boride types commonly used in photographic equipment include: borax, boric acid, sodium metaborate, etc. Due to its soft properties, borax is used as an auxiliary in the developer to adjust the alkalinity. For example, it is used as a general particle developer (D76 formula) for developing movies and other small negative films. It is very soft in nature and can make silver particles fine. However, the development time is long, so it is suitable for use in a tank or box.
3. High-efficiency catalyst for resin finishing
The post-finishing of chemical fiber fabrics and medium-long fibers – the high-efficiency catalysts sodium fluoborate and ammonium fluoborate used in resin finishing are obvious examples. Resin post-treatment of fabrics – anti-shrinkage and anti-wrinkle finishing, is actually a cross-linking reaction between cellulose and resin finishing agent. At the same time, it plays a great role in lowering the critical reaction temperature and shortening the reaction time. Sodium fluoroborate and ammonium fluoroborate are quick and short processes for resin finishing. An excellent catalyst variety that reduces energy consumption and improves the quality and feel of fabrics. Among the borates used, there are magnesium fluoroborate, zinc fluoroborate, etc. Borates such as sodium metaborate can be used in high-temperature rapid baking resin post-finishing processes without yellowing. Borax is used as a buffering agent mixed catalyst, which can accelerate the cross-linking speed of resin and fabric fibers while preventing yellowing and discoloration of the fabric.
4. Borate as a fireproof finishing for fabrics
Borate as a fire retardant finishing agent for fabrics is a general fire retardant finishing agent. This water-soluble inorganic salt fire retardant finishing agent can be finished by simple methods such as dipping, dipping, brushing or spraying. Suitable for finishing cotton textile fabrics such as curtains, tents, clothing, etc. The weight gain rate after finishing is required to reach 10% to 15% to achieve satisfactory results.
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