There are many varieties of hand-made printing and dyeing in India, including block printing, batik, hand-painting, tie-dying, etc. Among them, tie-dyeing is unique and is one of the dyeing methods widely used for Indian ethnic clothing. Its “roll-tie” tie-dye process ranks first in the world in output.
Another country with quite developed hand printing and dyeing is Japan. After the 7th century AD, with the spread of Tang Dynasty culture to Japan, rich printed and dyed products began to appear in Japan. It can be said that the history of hand-printing and dyeing in Japan is also the history of Sino-Japanese cultural exchanges, because by the 16th century AD, Tang culture was still influencing Japanese hand-printing and dyeing. According to the Biography of the Japanese in {Wei Zhi), Queen Beimihu of the Xi Kingdom sent envoys to the Wei Dynasty to pay tribute for the first time in the third year of Jingchu (239). The chief envoy visiting the Wei Dynasty was Nanshengzhu, and the deputy envoy was Dudu Zhongli. They brought 4 male slaves, 6 female slaves, and 2 pieces of “banbu” 2 feet long, and traveled thousands of miles to Luoyang, the capital of China. The “banbu” mentioned here is Japan’s dyed valerian.
The invasion of European culture in the 16th century AD had a huge impact on Japanese printing and dyeing, and led to its own national reflection. By the Edo period, Japan had developed its own unique national style of dyeing valerian, with more than a hundred craft techniques, such as “deer tire twisting”, “moire twisting”, “entering the eyes”, “Miura twisting” and so on. This delicate, opulent and unique style continues to.
There is also an area where hand-printing and dyeing is very developed, which is Java Island in the Indonesian archipelago. Javanese batik is quite famous in the world. This is mainly due to Java’s good natural conditions and advanced batik tools. The extensive use of wax pots and spouts makes Javanese batik complex, detailed and exquisite, forming its own unique detailed style. Nowadays, there are considerable batik factories in Bandung, Java, and handicraft workshops all over the country. Its products have opened their own consumption around the world and are deeply loved by people in Africa, India, Europe and other countries. It is also worth mentioning that Javanese batik also has a place on the world costume stage.
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