Key points in the design and production process of chemical fiber imitation silk fabrics
Silk is known as the queen of fibers, which shows that it has many excellent properties. The goal of artificial silk is to use artificial means to make the fiber have the excellent characteristics of real silk.
To this end, we should first understand the structural performance characteristics of silk.
1. The structure and properties of silk
Silk is a protein fiber, which is made from silkworm cocoons. It is the only long fiber among natural fibers.
The cross-section of silk is a rounded triangle, and the longitudinal surface is in the shape of an uneven branch. The soft luster and slender texture of silk mainly come from its screenshot shape: the average fineness of silk is about 1~1.5dtex. The fabric has excellent drape and softness; silk also has good mechanical properties, with a strength of 3.0~3.5dN/tex, an elongation of 15%~25%, and a Young’s modulus of 6860~9800N/mm2. In natural Second only to hemp among fibers: its moisture absorption rate is 10% to 12%, and it has good coloring properties and a deep color feel.
Silk also has shortcomings, such as its poor durability, it is easy to yellow under full sunlight and its strength is reduced; it is easy to become mildewed and moth-eaten during storage; it is easy to wrinkle and produce sweat stains and watermarks during wearing .
2. Progress of artificial silk technology
Silk fabric has beautiful appearance, pearl-like soft finish, bright hair color effect, soft hand feel, smooth style, elegant silk sound, comfortable wearing, and has become a popular choice among people. An example to follow. However, its shortcomings have inhibited people’s demand for silk fabrics and also affected the progress of the silk industry.
In recent decades, chemical fibers synthesized from polymer monomers have entered the fabric raw material market in large quantities. Because of its abundant raw materials and low price, developing silk-style products (i.e. chemical fiber imitation silk products) while maintaining its excellent physical and mechanical properties can not only greatly improve the performance of chemical fibers, but also develop fabrics for work clothes. A vast world.
(1) The development history of chemical fiber silk-like products
Since 1960, some foreign fiber manufacturers have begun research on chemical fiber silk-like products. After decades of research, fruitful results have been achieved, and a variety of chemical fiber silk-like products have emerged on the international market. Foreign chemical fiber imitation silk products have gone through three stages and have now entered the fourth stage of development. The development process of imitation silk is shown in Table 10-1.
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