Mercerizing machine – cloth mercerizing machine
The main components of the cloth clipping machine include an open-width cloth feeding device, a caustic soda solution padding machine and a cloth stretching roller, a cloth clipping expansion device, a leaching and alkali removal device, alkali removal steam box, a flat washing machine, and a drying machine. The cylinder dryer, open-width cloth discharging device and transmission mechanism are shown in Figure 6-27.
1. Open-width cloth feeding device
In addition to the common devices of the flat-width cloth feeding device, a cloth feeding ventilation device needs to be added , mainly to reduce the temperature of the cloth surface and prevent heat from being brought into the alkali solution and affecting the silk finishing effect.
2. Padding tank and stretch roller
Generally, a standing three-roller open-width padding machine is used, with two padding and two padding, with a total of two front and rear pads. Multiple guide rollers are installed in the padding tank to increase the soaking time of the fabric in the alkali solution, which can generally reach about 20 seconds. The padding tank has an interlayer that can pass cold water to cool the alkali liquid in the tank. There is a connecting pipe between the two padding tanks to facilitate the flow of alkali liquid. The pressure of the padding tank should be smaller, and a lever can be used to pressurize the fabric to bring more alkali solution, which is beneficial to the action of alkali solution and cellulose. The pressure of the second padding tank should be high, and an oil pump can be used to pressurize the fabric to reduce the amount of alkali in the fabric and reduce the padding rate to less than 65%, which facilitates flushing and removal of alkali and reduces alkali consumption.
In order to extend the alkali-carrying time of the fabric, allow the alkali to fully penetrate and react to the fabric, and prevent the fabric from shrinking after swelling, more than a dozen iron rods arranged alternately up and down are installed above the frame between the two padding tanks. Hollow stretch roller, diameter 460~500mm. Generally, it runs passively, but there are also some that run actively. In order to prevent the fabric from shrinking, the angular surface of the fabric along the stretch roller should be larger, and the linear speed of the back groove is greater than that of the front groove. In this way, the fabric has a certain tension in the warp direction to prevent shrinkage, and the friction resistance in the weft direction is used to prevent the fabric from shrinking. shrink.
3. Cloth clamp expansion and alkali removal device
The function of the cloth clamp expansion device is to use cloth clamps to hold the edges of the fabric and apply tension in the weft direction to prevent the fabric from shrinking after absorbing alkali and affecting the product. The finish, shrinkage and dimensional stability.
The cloth clip expansion device is composed of two annular cloth clip chains on the left and right, with a length of about 15-20m. Two annular cloth clip chains are connected in series by many cloth clips with pins and laid on two tracks. The distance of the cloth clip chain can be adjusted through the screw rod. It is generally adjusted into an olive shape, that is, the two ends are small and the middle is large. The two ends are small so that the fabric can be clipped and unclipped smoothly, and the middle allows the fabric to expand. The cloth clip is composed of a clip body and a clip tongue. The base of the clip body is mounted on the track. The upper part of the clip body is a bow-shaped back. The bow-shaped back end is mounted with a pin on the clip clip. The stainless steel blade of the clip tongue and the clip body are embedded with stainless steel. Planar contact of the lamellae. The clip tongue is composed of clip handle, stainless steel blade and contact piece, as shown in Figure 6-28.
When the fabric enters the cloth clip chain, a gap is formed between the clip blade and the stainless steel sheet of the clip body by the thrust of the clip disc. , the fabric edge is fed into the cloth clip, as shown in Figure 6-29(a). At this time, the clip tongue falls on the cloth by its own weight, the contact piece is supported by the fabric, and the clip tongue blade has not yet bitten the fabric. As the distance between the cloth clip chains gradually increases, the fabric gradually leaves the contact piece. When the fabric leaves the groove, the clip tongue falls by its own weight, and the contact piece falls into the groove on the plane of the clip body. Due to the weft of the fabric Due to the self-locking effect of axial tension and friction, the knife edge immediately bites the edge of the fabric, allowing the fabric to expand in the weft direction, as shown in Figure 6-29(b).
When the fabric enters the outlet of the cloth clip chain, the thrust of the clip disc causes a gap to form between the clip blade and the stainless steel sheet of the clip body. gap, the knife edge no longer bites the fabric, but makes the fabric separate from the cloth clip.
After the fabric expands and runs 1/3 on the cloth clip chain, it is drained and absorbed by 3 to 4 rinsing and suction devices to remove alkali. Each shower (Figure 6-30) sprays hot water or hot washing alkali solution on the entire fabric from the top of the fabric, and then uses a suction tube (picture 6-30) with a surface covered with small holes that is close to the bottom of the fabric and connected to the vacuum pump. Figure 6-31) suck it away. This is a cleaning and alkali removal method that puts the fabric in a stretched state and uses vacuum suction to enhance liquid exchange in the fabric. The light alkali liquid sucked by the suction pipe is discharged into each light alkali pool under the machine in sequence, and then according to the principle of stepwise countercurrent elution, each pump separates the light alkali liquid in the light alkali pool and the light alkali liquid from the alkali removal steamer. Light alkali liquid is delivered to the corresponding eluent. In order to improve the elution effect, the temperature of the light alkali used should be as high as possible. However, for polyester-cotton blended chemical fiber fabrics, the temperature should not exceed 70°C.
The structure of the alkali removal steamer and flat washing machine has been introduced in the previous chapter.
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