Basic overview of Indian cotton
In Asia, the main cotton-producing countries other than China are India and Pakistan in South Asia. The cotton production of these two countries is at the forefront of the world. After recent years of progress and national support, they have gradually taken the lead in global cotton production. The textile and weaving industry occupies a pivotal position.
India
India’s cotton-producing areas are divided into three cotton-growing belts: northern, central and southern according to the production area and its climatic conditions. . The area proportions of the three cotton belts are 20%, 60% and 20% respectively. The total area of cotton fields in India is about 8 to 9 million hectares.
India is located in the South Asian subcontinent, facing the sea on three sides, and most areas have a monsoon savanna climate. With abundant heat and abundant rainfall, the area suitable for cotton is wide. The cotton area covers the entire Indian peninsula. There are about 8.5 million hectares of cotton fields. In 2006/2007, the planting area is estimated to reach 9.3 million hectares. India is currently one of the cotton-producing countries with the largest cotton planting area in the world, and its annual output ranks second in the world. Cotton in India is grown almost entirely on natural rainfall, so cotton production is greatly affected by variety, soil, rainfall and climate change.
The sowing and harvesting periods of the three cotton belts are: April to May, October to November in the northern cotton belt; May to June, November to December in the central cotton belt; June to July in the southern cotton belt , from December to January of the following year; Indian cotton is divided into three varieties: short fiber (including short fiber and medium fiber) belongs to Indian indigenous cotton; medium and long fiber (including longer and long fiber) belongs to American upland cotton; Specialty fibers are of upland and Egyptian varieties. Varieties include Deshi, J34, V797, LRA, MECH1, Bunny, Shankar-6, MCU5, DCH32, Suvin.
Indian cotton has poor consistency and neatness, short staple rate as high as 15%, large water impurities, roller finishing, high impurity content, and many three-strand filaments. Overall, cotton is slightly better than Pakistani cotton. At present, my country imports a large amount of Indian cotton.
Among them, the best cotton is Shankar-6 (referred to as S-6) produced in Gujarat, which can spin 21-count or 32-count cotton. In other areas, ring spinning and rotor spinning with count 21 and below can be spun.
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