Fabric dyeing process
1. Distribution – Arrange the blanks from the weaving factory according to the production plan of the dyeing factory, and put the cloth into the cloth car to wait for subsequent processes. Function: ① Generally leave it for 12-24 hours to remove the tension during weaving and prevent coloring spots caused by the tension of the gray fabric during coloring. ②Open the unopened blank. For example, if you want to wash it with water, you can order different types of fabrics.
2. Water washing – mainly used for the process of OP cloth, which is completed by washing machine (also called scouring). Function: ①Remove oil, dirt and soil from fabrics. ②Relax fabric tension and internal stress.
3． Reservation – Since the fabric contains spandex, spandex is prone to shrinkage and storage creases and wrinkles during weaving. In addition, spandex has an oiling process during the production process. When coloring, the oil must be fully considered to remove the oil. Predetermined, ① can basically remove storage creases and wrinkles ② through predetermined high temperature, the oil inside the fabric evaporates to the surface of the fabric, and the oil is better removed through pre-scouring. ③Remove the edge retraction of the spandex cloth and improve the coloring quality of the front panel.
4． Refining – Polyester elastic knitted fabrics often have creases and wrinkles caused by the shrinkage of spandex due to uneven stress during the finishing process. The fabric tension needs to be released to relax and shrink, but since there is no relaxation machine, It can only be refined and relaxed in the dye vat. Because it is refined in the dye vat and the dyeing machine has a certain tension, it cannot ensure that the fabric shrinks evenly under tension-free conditions, so when finishing spandex knitted fabrics, more abnormalities occur.
5． Coloring – the main points include the following points:
①. Pick up materials – feed water – chemical materials – add additives – feed materials – adjust the heating curve
②. Anomalies that are easy to occur:
A. Poor operation, if the coloring is knotted, it is easy to produce serious color flowers.
B. The temperature rises too fast, and the coloring is too fast in a short period of time. The heat preservation time is not enough, and the leveling time is not enough.
C. The hardness is high in a certain period due to water supply.
D. Improper adjustment of pH value, especially when using high-fastness dyes to make ultra-fine OP-containing fabrics, color blooms or color differences are likely to occur.
E. The color formula has poor compatibility. The dye has poor stability and reproducibility at high temperatures, and it is easy to cause color blooming or color differences.
F. The dyeing vat was not cleaned properly when the dyeing vat was changing hues, which resulted in the cloth surface being stained with colored oil stains or lumpy color flowers during coloring.
G. The size of the nozzle is not suitable and it is easy to produce striped colored flowers.
H. The gray cloth contains a lot of oil and will be unclean after oil removal. When coloring, it is easy to produce colored flowers in the areas where the oil is not clean.
I. The coloring capacity of the tank is too large or the cloth in the tank is too long.
J. The coloring speed is too slow.
K. The effectiveness of the additives used for coloring is unstable or the compatibility between the dye factors and the additives is poor.
L. The relaxation and refining efficiency is poor.
M. The coloring tank capacity is too large.
N. The coloring machine is not operating normally.
U. When painting, the cooling speed is too fast, causing the cloth surface to form small horizontal wrinkles when it goes from high temperature directly to cold water.
V. The selection of nozzles is unreasonable.
W. The dye transfer property is poor.
Then
The tension of the fabric increases) and the fabric folds vertically, and the color at the crease is different from the color of other parts.
6. Cutting samples and matching colors – correcting colors to make them meet customer requirements.
7． Dehydration:
①Dehydrate in time after coloring, because the weight of OP-containing cloth increases when it is filled with water, which can easily produce backlog creases and wrinkles.
② The inside of the dehydration machine cage must be clean to prevent staining and snagging.
③When dehydrating, be careful not to take too long, and not too much fabric is dehydrated. Otherwise, it will cause a large number of “color flowers” on the surface of the fabric due to excessive dehydration.
8． Neutralization and reduction washing – After neutralization, the dye in the unset area of the dye can be neutralized by the fiber. After being sublimated to the surface of the fabric at high temperature, it is restored and washed in the tank to remove the dye stained on the surface of the fiber. Dye removal. To achieve the purpose of improving the dyeing fastness. Another purpose is to make door width
Weight per square meter.
9. Reduction washing – the purpose of post-processing is to remove floating colors on the surface of the fabric, thereby improving the fabric’s rubbing fastness, washing fastness, sublimation fastness and dye migration fastness.
10. Setting:
① The filter of the setting machine should be cleaned regularly and the temperature in each box should be reasonably adjusted to prevent uneven temperature differences in the oven.
② The left and right pressures of the finalized water rolling should be controlled uniformly to prevent unevenness caused by the difference in left and right pressures.
③ The process standards for shaping air volume must be set and followed to prevent unevenness caused by improper air volume adjustment.
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Extendedreading:https://www.yingjietex.com/product/750D-Polyester-Three-Color-Double-Thread-OXFORD-Fabric.html
