Common methods of fabric identification From the beginning of coarse linen to today’s high-tech fabrics, today, there are endless fabrics. For a certain piece of fabric, how …
Common methods of fabric identification
From the beginning of coarse linen to today’s high-tech fabrics, today, there are endless fabrics.
For a certain piece of fabric, how do we know what kind of fabric it is and what kind of fiber it is?
For most fabric fibers, the type of fiber can be distinguished by adopting the following two or three common methods.
This is a simple and convenient identification method. Infer the shape, integrity, and strength of fibers through sight, touch, and hearing. For example, hemp fiber feels thick and hard, wool fiber is curly and elastic, silk is filament, has a very shiny and “silky sound”, spandex is extremely elastic, etc. Of course, this method has poor accuracy and the inspector needs to have rich inspection experience.
Based on the chemical composition of the fiber, the combustion characteristics are also different. This can be inferred by observing the combustion characteristics, odor and residue of the fabric fiber when approaching the flame, in the flame and leaving the flame. According to this method, fabric fibers can be roughly divided into three categories: cellulose fibers, protein fibers and synthetic fibers. For example, cellulosic fibers such as cotton, linen, viscose, modal, lyocell, and cupro fibers do not melt or shrink when close to a flame, and smell like burning paper when burned; protein fibers such as wool, mulberry silk, tussah silk, etc. There is a smell of burning hair when burning; polyester is accompanied by black smoke and has a sweet smell when burning; polyacrylonitrile fiber has a pungent smell when burning; nylon has an amino smell when burning; and acetate fiber has a relatively obvious acetic acid smell when burning, etc. This method is suitable for single-component fibers, yarns and fabrics, and can be used as an auxiliary inference method for blended chemical fiber fabric products.
This is a widely adopted method to identify fibers based on their longitudinal and transverse morphological characteristics. For example, cotton has natural twists, linen has horizontal and vertical lines, wool has scales, and rabbit hasThe hair has single or multiple rows, the silk is very shiny, the viscose fiber has clear stripes longitudinally, modal has grooves longitudinally, lyocell is smooth and even longitudinally, polyester has a smooth surface, some have small black spots, and polypropylene The surface of nitrile fiber has grooves or stripes, etc. This method is not only applicable to pure textile products, but also to blended chemical fiber fabrics and interlaced products, accurately distinguishing various fibers based on their typical characteristics.
Because the chemical composition of fibers is different, the dissolving properties of the same chemical solvent are different. For those fibers that are difficult to distinguish, you might as well adopt this method to make further inferences. For example, for polyester and nylon that are difficult to distinguish, a drop of hydrochloric acid will do; for polyacrylonitrile and polyester, a drop of nitric acid will do.
AAAWQ32RDRGFJ
Extendedreading:https://www.brandfabric.net/full-dull-nylon-taslon-oxford-breathable-fabric/
