1. Topic content and scope of application
This standard specifies the method for measuring the flammability of clothing textiles and three levels for evaluating the flammability of clothing textiles.
This standard is suitable for measuring the intensity and speed of burning of flammable textiles once they are ignited.
2.Terms
2.1 Suede
Refers to the surface of the fabric with various piles, such as brushed, raised, tufted, flocked or inflammatory surface.
2.2 Flammability
The ability of a material or product to undergo flammable combustion under specified test conditions.
2.3 Flame spread rate
The distance the flame spreads per unit time under specified test conditions.
3. Principle
Under the specified conditions, place the sample at an angle of 45 degrees, ignite the sample, and the time required for the sample to burn upward with flame for a certain distance is used as a measure to evaluate the burning severity of the textile. For fabrics with raised surface, the ignition or melting of the base fabric is an additional indicator of the severity of burning, but it needs to be noted.
4. Equipment and materials
4.1 Combustibility tester
The instrument consists of a ventilated box, which is equipped with an ignition device, a sample holder and a sample clamp
Automatic timer
4.1.1 The inclination of the sample holder is 45 degrees, and its relative position to the flame front can be adjusted according to the different thicknesses of the sample.
4.1.2 Gas burner, made of 4 1/2 gauge syringe needle.
4.1.3 The timer can automatically time and be accurate to 0. ls.
4.2 Brushing device
For specimen preparation of raised or tufted fabrics. It consists of a suitable sliding frame for placing the sample clamp and a load-bearing nylon brush installed vertically on the surface of the sample. The sliding frame is equipped with four wheels and can move along the front and rear directions of the specimen. Its moving distance slightly exceeds the exposed length of the specimen. And equipped with guide rails for sliding wheels to move.
4.2.1 The brush consists of two rows of nylon bristle tufts with a diameter of 0.41mm. Each tuft has 20 bristle filaments, and there are 4 tufts every 25mm. The two rows of tufts are staggered. The hair tufts are flat and the length is 19mm.
4.2.2 The brush is installed on a frame, which exerts a downward pressure of 150g on the sample. .
4.3 Constant temperature oven
4 tufts, two rows of tufts staggered. The hair tufts are flat and the length is 19mm.
4.2.2 The brush is installed on a frame, which exerts a downward pressure of 150g on the sample.
4.3 Constant temperature oven
4.4 The inner diameter of the dryer is 250mm.
4.5 mark thread mercerized cotton sewing thread (12texX3).
4.6″Alkane (chemically pure).
5. Sample preparation
5.1 Size and quantity of specimens
The sample size is 150mmX50mm, and the number of samples is generally 5 pieces. Or it may vary depending on its flammability and fabric finishing, but it should be a multiple of 5.
5.2 Sampling location and direction
For samples with unknown flammability and textile samples with patterns composed of piles or tufts of different heights or densities, the test surface and direction of the sample should be determined based on the part with the fastest flame spread rate during the pre-test.
5.2.1 The sample selected from the garment should include all layers of the same part of the garment. The outer fabric of the garment should usually be tested. However, if the flame spread rate of the lining fabric is fast in the preliminary test, the lining fabric should be tested.
5.2.2 In order to determine the shearing direction of the sample and the test surface with a fast flame spread rate, the pre-test should be carried out according to the following operating procedures, that is, the sample should be tested on both sides and in all directions, such as longitudinal and transverse; On the pile surface, any distinguishable pile direction, that is, forward and reverse, is tested. Generally, the long side of the pile sample should be parallel to the pile direction, and the flame burning rate is along the reverse direction of the pile. fast.
5.3 Sample cutting, loading and marking
5.3.1 Each sample is 150mmX50mm, and the length of the sample isThe direction should be the direction with the fastest burning speed in the pre-test. Make a mark on the end of each specimen, the mark should be in the direction in which the flame spread is confirmed to be rapid.
5.3.2 During the test, each sample must be clamped with a sample clamp, with the marked end placed at the upper position.
5.4 Bristles
After loading the sample with a suede surface into the sample clamp, place the suede side up on the sliding frame of the bristle device, lift the brush, push the sliding frame to the end, lower the brush to the plane of the sample clamp, and then use Use your hands to pull the sliding frame under the brush forward at a uniform speed, so that the brush passes over the suede surface once.
5.5 Drying: Place the sample clip containing the sample flatly in an oven at 105±3″C to dry for 30 minutes, take it out, place it in a desiccator, and cool it for no less than 30 minutes.
6Adjustment of flammability tester
6.1 General room temperature conditions can be used, but the test must be conducted under windless conditions.
6.2 Place the sample clamp with the installed sample on the sample holder, and adjust the sample holder so that the distance between the burner tip and the sample surface is 8 mm.
6.3 Open the fuel supply control valve and evacuate it for about 5 minutes to discharge air from the combustion pipe. Then light the burner and adjust the flame from the visible top to the opening of the body nozzle. The flame height is 16mm.
6.4 The distance measured from the midpoint of the flame spray sample surface to the mark line is 127mm.
Operating procedures
7.1 Take out a sample clamp with the sample installed from the dryer, place it on the sample rack in the tester, pass the marking wire through the guide wire hook on the flat plate of the sample rack, and then just pass through the guide wire ring. The sign below is hung on the line – a heavy hammer to make it taut.
7.2 Close the test chamber door. Set the timer to zero, press the start button, the timer will start timing, and make the flame contact the surface of the sample for 1 second. When the flame burns to the mark wire hanging on the upper part of the sample, the weight falls because the wire is burned, the timer stops timing, and the burning time shown on the timer is accurately recorded. Stop the timer and accurately record the burning time shown on the timer.
7.3 During the test, attention should be paid to observing the burning condition of the sample. If combustion is incomplete, the back of the sample should be observed for signs of carbonization or melting.
8.Recording, calculation and explanation of results
8.1 Record the burning time of each sample indicated by the timer, as well as the code describing the combustion performance. You can choose one of the six codes listed in Table 1 to explain.
8.2 Generally, only 5 samples need to be tested, but at least three samples will burn normally. The flame spread time is the average of the time it takes for several samples to burn to the mark line.
8.3 If any of the following situations occurs, another 5 samples must be taken for testing.
8.3.1 For suede textiles, the average burning time is less than 4 s; for non-suede textiles, the average burning time is less than 3.5 s.
8.3.2 The sample burns with surface flashover, and only one or two of the five samples show base fabric ignition.
8.4 If after two tests, the number of normally burning specimens is equal to or greater than five, the test results can be calculated based on the average number of burning specimens: if it is less than five, only the burning state of the specimen will be recorded.
9.Grading
This grading method only applies to clothing textiles.
10.Test report
The test report should include the following content: indicate that the test was conducted in accordance with this standard. If there are any changes, any details that deviate from the test methods of this standard should be explained:
a, sample name and specifications;
b. Environmental temperature and humidity during the test:
c. The burning time of each sample and the average burning time of each sample and the combustion state:
d.Grading situation:
e. Test date and test personnel.
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