Introduction to polyester fabric related knowledge
Polyester is an important variety of synthetic fibers and is the trade name of polyester in my country. English word for polyester: (Textile) polyester fiber.
Polyester is a fiber-forming high-quality fiber made from purified terephthalic acid (PTA) or dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) and ethylene glycol (EG) as raw materials through esterification or transesterification and polycondensation reaction. Polymer – polyethylene terephthalate (PET), a fiber made by spinning and post-processing.
Polyester has a wide range of uses and is widely used in the manufacture of clothing and industrial products. Polyester has excellent shaping properties. The flat, loose shapes or pleats produced by polyester yarn or fabric after shaping can remain unchanged for a long time after being washed many times during use.
1. What properties does polyester have?
1. High strength. The strength of short fiber is 2.6~5.7cN/dtex, and the strength of high-strength fiber is 5.6~8.0cN/dtex. Due to its low hygroscopicity, its wet strength and dry strength are basically the same. The impact resistance is 4 times higher than nylon and 20 times higher than viscose fiber.
2. Good elasticity. The elasticity is close to that of wool. When stretched by 5% to 6%, it can almost completely recover. The wrinkle resistance exceeds that of other fibers, that is, the fabric does not wrinkle and has good dimensional stability. The elastic modulus is 22~141cN/dtex, which is 2~3 times higher than nylon.
3. Good heat resistance.
4. Good wear resistance. The wear resistance is second only to nylon with good wear resistance, and is better than other natural fibers and synthetic fibers.
5. Good durability. The durability is second only to polyacrylonitrile fiber.
6. The surface of polyester is completely smooth, the internal molecules are tightly arranged, and there is a lack of hydrophilic structure between the molecules, so the moisture regain is very small and the moisture absorption performance is poor.
7. Corrosion resistance. Resistant to bleach, oxidants, hydrocarbons, ketones, petroleum products and inorganic acids. Resistant to dilute alkali and not afraid of mold, but hot alkali can cause it to decompose.
8. The coloring properties are poor.
What are the major categories of polyester?
The main categories of polyester include short fiber, drawn yarn, textured yarn, decorative filament, industrial filament and various different chemical fiber fibers.
What types of polyester staple fiber are there?
1. Distinguished by physical properties: high strength and low elongation type, medium strength and medium elongation type, low strength and medium elongation type, high modulus type, high strength and high modulus type
2. Distinguish according to finishing requirements: cotton type, wool type, linen type, silk type
3. Classified by function: cationic dyeable, hygroscopic, fireproof, colored, anti-pilling, antistatic
4. Distinguished by use: for work wear, wadding, decoration, and industrial use
5. Distinguish according to fiber cross section: special-shaped fiber, hollow fiber.
What types of polyester filaments are there?
1. Spun yarn: undrawn yarn (conventional spinning) (UDY), semi-preoriented yarn (medium-speed spinning) (MOY), pre-oriented yarn (high-speed spinning) (POY), highly oriented yarn (Ultra-high speed spinning) (HOY)
2. Drawn yarn: drawn yarn (low-speed drawn yarn) (DY), fully drawn yarn (one-step spinning and drawing method) (FDY), fully drawn yarn (one-step spinning method) (FOY)
3. Textured yarn: conventional textured yarn (DY), drawn textured yarn (DTY), air textured yarn (ATY).
Modification of polyester
There are many types of polyester fiber fabrics. In addition to woven pure polyester fabrics, there are also many products blended with chemical fiber fabrics or interlaced with various fabric fibers, which make up for the shortcomings of pure polyester fabrics and provide better wearing properties. . At present, polyester fabrics are developing in the direction of natural synthetic fibers such as wool-like, silk-like, linen-like, and deerskin-like fabrics.
1. Polyester wool-like fabric
Made of polyester filament such as polyester stretch yarn, polyester network yarn or polyester yarn with various special-shaped cross-sections as raw materials, or medium-length polyester short fiber and medium-length viscose or medium-length polyacrylonitrile fiber blended chemical fiber The fabrics with woolen style woven into yarn are called worsted wool-like fabrics and mid-length wool-like fabrics respectively, and their prices are lower than similar wool fabric products. It not only has the characteristics of wool, which is full and fluffy, and has good elasticity, but also has the characteristics of polyester, which is strong and durable, easy to wash and dry quickly, flat and crisp, not easy to deform, not easy to fluff, and not easy to pilling. Common varieties include: polyester elastic serge, polyester elastic gabardine, polyester elastic tweed, polyester network silk wool fabric, polyester viscose mid-length tweed, polyester nitrile hidden tweed, etc.
2. Polyester imitation silk fabric
Polyester fabrics with a silk appearance are woven from polyester filaments or short fiber yarns with round and special-shaped cross-sections. They are low-priced, wrinkle-resistant and require no ironing, and are quite popular among consumers. Common varieties include: polyester silk, polyester crepe, polyester satin, polyester georgette, polyester interwoven silk, etc. These varieties have the elegance, drape, smoothness, softness and pleasingness of silk fabrics, and at the same time, they have the stiffness, wear resistance, easy washing and ironing-free properties of polyester fabrics. The only drawback is that these fabrics have poor moisture absorption and breathability and are not very cool to wear. In order to overcome this shortcoming, more new polyester fabrics have been introduced, such as high moisture absorption polyester fabric, which is one of them.
3. Polyester linen-like fabric
It is one of the most popular clothing materials in the international workwear market. It is made of polyester or polyester/viscose strong twisted yarn and is woven into plain or raised weave fabric. It has the dry feel and appearance of linen fabric. For example, thin imitation linen molike not only has a rough appearance and a dry feel, but is also comfortable and cool to wear. Therefore, it is very suitable for the production of summer shirts and skirts.
4. Polyester imitation deerskin fabric
It is one of the new polyester fabrics, with fine or ultra-fine denier.Polyester fiber is used as the raw material. After non-finishing, the polyester suede fabric is formed into fine short pile on the fabric base fabric. It is called imitation deerskin fabric. Generally, non-woven fabrics, woven fabrics, and knitted fabrics are used as the base fabric. . It has the characteristics of soft texture, fine, full and elastic velvet, rich hand feel, and strong and durable style. There are three common types: artificial high-grade deerskin, artificial high-quality deerskin and artificial ordinary deerskin. Suitable for women’s clothing, high-end dresses, jackets, suit tops, etc.
AAADFGRTJUYKYU
Extendedreading:https://www.yingjietex.com/product/Dobby-Polyester-OXFORD-Fabric-4.html
