In addition to directly biting and sucking blood and disturbing sleep, mosquitoes can also spread a variety of diseases. There are four types of mosquito-borne diseases in my country: malaria, lymphatic filariasis, Japanese encephalitis, and dengue fever (or dengue hemorrhagic fever). The more important viral diseases transmitted by mosquitoes include yellow fever and various equine encephalitis.
The reason why humans attract mosquitoes: Female mosquitoes need to suck blood to lay and raise eggs, and volatiles on human body surfaces such as carbon dioxide and lactic acid produced when the human respiratory system works can help mosquitoes find us. The volatiles on human body surfaces caused by mosquitoes are: It is so sensitive that it can rush directly towards the blood-sucking target from 30 meters away. Repellants for blood-sucking insects such as mosquitoes mainly have two types of repellent: those that exert a repellent effect by stimulating the insect’s sense of smell, and those that exert a repellent effect by stimulating the insect’s sense of touch.
Repellence that stimulates the sense of smell is called evaporative repellence. After being treated with this repellent, it has the effect of preventing mosquitoes from biting or approaching. This is because mosquitoes sense the rise in carbon dioxide concentration in the air and when they come into contact with the human body, they use the warm convection emitted from the human body as the basis for judgment. At this time, the molecules of the repellent ingredient block the mosquito’s humidity sensors and hinder the ability to sense water vapor, so the mosquito cannot approach the human body.
Avoidance of tactile stimuli is called contact avoidance. After treatment with this repellent, mosquitoes still come into contact with the human body, but escape and fly away before sucking blood. This is because after contact, the repellent ingredient acts on the peripheral nerves of the mosquito, giving the mosquito a sublethal dose before it collapses or dies, causing the mosquito to move disorganized and impaired.
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